University of Rostock

University of Rostock
Universität Rostock
Seal of the University of Rostock
Latin: Universitas Rostochiensis
Established	13 February 1419
Type	Public
Chancellor	Joachim Wittern
Rector	Professor Wolfgang D. Schareck (906th rector)
Staff	2.634 (2007)
Students	14.000 (2007)
Location	Rostock, Germany
Campus	Urban
Affiliations	EUA
Website	www.uni-rostock.de
Central building, University of Rostock

The University of Rostock (German: Universität Rostock) is the university of the city Rostock, in the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.

Founded in 1419, it is the oldest and largest university in continental northern Europe and the Baltic Sea area. It is the third oldest university in Germany in continuous operation.

History

It was founded in 1419 by confirmation of Pope Martin V and thus is one of the oldest universities in continental Northern Europe. In Germany, there are only five older universities: Heidelberg (1386), Cologne (1388), Erfurt (1392/1994), Würzburg (1402/1582) and Leipzig (1409).

Throughout the 15th century, the University of Rostock had about 400 to 500 students each year, a large number at that time. Rostock was among the largest universities in Germany at the time and many of its students also came from Holland, Scandinavia or other states bordering the Baltic Sea.

In the course of political struggles and pressure from the church, the university moved to Greifswald in 1437 and remained there until 1443. From 1487 to 1488 teaching took place in Lübeck.

Detail of the central building depicting the coat of arms of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

A few years later the city of Rostock, its university also became Protestant in 1542. Humanism and Lutheranism were defining characteristics of the university. After the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), the University of Rostock played only a regional role. When the "ownership" of the university moved from the city to the state (Grand Duchy Mecklenburg-Schwerin) in 1827, however, things changed for the better. The end of the 19th century saw generous building activity in Rostock's alma mater and the university soon regained its old reputation amongst German universities.

On the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the university, Albert Einstein and Max Planck received honorary doctorates on 12 November 1919. This made the University of Rostock the world's first institute of higher learning to award this honour to Einstein. Interestingly enough, the doctorate was not revoked during the Nazi rule in Germany (1933-1945), despite such orders by the Nazis. The reason for this remains unknown.

The end of the Second World War in 1945 brought many changes. The university, now finding itself in the Soviet Zone of Germany (the later German Democratic Republic), was re-opened on 24 February 1946. The Faculty of Law was closed in 1951, a Faculty of Agriculture was introduced in 1950 and in 1951 saw the opening of a Department of Shipbuilding (renamed Faculty of Technology in 1963). The University of Rostock was the first traditional university in Germany to open a technical faculty. In 1952, the Faculty of Aviation was opened, but eventually relocated to Dresden.

The university was named after Wilhelm Pieck in 1976. This was annulled after the German reunification.

People

In nearly six centuries numerous notable students and professors have had ties with the university, for instance:

• Konrad Gesselen from Geismar, Hesse, astronomer, mathematician, pastor, taught at Rostock and Thorn, wrote Cisiojanus
• Tycho Brahe, Danish astronomer
• Karl von Frisch, ethologist and Nobel Prize laureate
• Walter Kempowski, writer
• Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Brockmann, philosopher (PhD in 1848)
• Walter Hallstein (1901–1982), first President of the European Commission
• Isaac Rülf, philosopher, humanitarian organizer, author (PhD in 1865)
• Heinrich Schliemann, archeologist (PhD in 1869)
• Moritz Schlick, philosopher
• Rudolf Steiner, anthroposophist (PhD in 1891)
• Albrecht Kossel, medical scientist and Nobel Prize laureate (PhD 1878)
• Otto Stern, physicist
• Albert Einstein, Einstein's first honorary doctorate in 1919
• Max Planck, honorary doctorate, 1919
• Arno Esch (1928-1951), student and liberal politician

Structure

Zoologisches Institut (Dept of Zoology)

Institut für Chemie (Dept of Chemistry)

Like many continental European universities, the University of Rostock is divided into academic faculties (German: Fakultät). Those can be sub-divided into academic departments (German: Institut) and chairs (German: Lehrstuhl).

Faculties/Schools

It is divided into the following nine faculties:

• evangelical theology
• philosophy (and arts)
• mathematics and natural sciences
• law
• engineering
• agriculture and environmental sciences
• medicine
• economic and social sciences
• electrical engineering and informatics

Research

The university co-operates with several independent research centres. Among those:

• Leibniz Institute for Atmospheric Physics at Kühlungsborn
• Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research at Warnemünde
• Leibniz Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals at Dummerstorf, in co-operation with the German federal government
• Leibniz-Institut for Catalysis
• Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research
• Fraunhofer-Institut for Graphic Data Processing

Points of interest

• Botanischer Garten Universität Rostock, the university's botanical garden

Partner Universities

university restaurant/cafeteria

university library

Although cooperation and student exchanges are possible with many more institutions, the university has signed cooperation agreements with the following international universities:

Europe

• Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
• University of Zagreb, Croatia
• University of Copenhagen, Denmark
• University of Turku, Finland
• University of Nantes, France
• University of Latvia, Latvia
• Gdańsk University, Poland
• Saint Petersburg State University, Russia
• University of Kristianstad, Sweden
• Newcastle University, UK

World

• National University of La Plata, Argentina
• University of Saskatchewan, Canada
• University of Guelph, Canada
• Science University of Tokio, Japan
• North-West University, South Africa
• University of Georgia, United States
• Brown University, United States
• University of Utah, United States
• Arab International University (AIU), Syria
• University of Wyoming, United States

Saarland University

Saarland University
Universität des Saarlandes
Latin: Universitas Saraviensis
Established	1948
Type	Public
Rector	Volker Linneweber
Faculty	290 professors
Staff	2,000
Students	15,500 (17% international)
Location	Saarbrücken, Germany
Campus	Saarbrücken and Homburg
Website	www.uni-saarland.de/

Saarland University (German Universität des Saarlandes) is a university located in Saarbrücken, the capital of the German state of Saarland. It was founded in 1948 in co-operation with France and is organized in 8 faculties that cover all major fields of science. The university is particularly well known for research and education in Computer Science and Computational Linguistics ^[1]. In 2007, as part of the "University of Excellence", the graduate school in Computer Science and the Cluster of Excellence Multimodal Computing and Interaction started to get funding from the Federal Ministry of Education and Research.

In addition, 9 academics have been honored with the highest German research prize, the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize, while working at Saarland University.

History

Saarland University, the first to be established after the Second World War, was founded in November 1948 with the support of the French Government and under the auspices of the University of Nancy.

At the time the Saarland found itself in the special situation of being partly autonomous and linked to France by economic and monetary union. With its combination of the German and French educational traditions and the dual languages of instruction, the university had a European perspective right from the start. Prior to the foundation of the university, clinical training courses for medical students at the state hospital in Homburg, Saarland, had been introduced in January 1946 and the "Centre Universitaire d'Etudes Supérieures de Hombourg" established on 8 May 1947 under the patronage of the University of Nancy.

Organization

These are the 8 faculties into which the university is divided:

• Faculty 1 of Law and Economics
• Faculty 2 of Medicine, Theoretical Medicine and Biosciences - Homburg
• Faculty 3 of Humanities I
• Faculty 4 of Humanities II
• Faculty 5 of Humanities III
• Faculty 6 of Natural Sciences and Technology I
• Faculty 7 of Natural Sciences and Technology II
• Faculty 8 of Natural Sciences and Technology III

With its numerous degree programmes and the variety of final qualifications offered (Diplom, Magister, state examinations and, increasingly, bachelor and master qualifications), Saarland University provides the broad spectrum of disciplines typical of a classical universitas litterarum. The more traditional subjects such as business administration and economics, law and medicine are just as much a part of Saarland University as the new degree programmes that have developed from modern interdisciplinary collaborations and which reflect the increasing demand for such qualifications in today's job market. Examples of these new courses include 'Biology with Special Focus on Human Biology and Molecular Biology', 'Bioinformatics /Computational Biology', 'Mechatronics Engineering', 'Micro- and Nanostructured Materials', 'Computer and Communications Technology', 'Historically-oriented Cultural Studies' and 'French Cultural Science and Intercultural Communication'.

Integrated degree courses, which can lead to the award of a joint degree, are organized by Saarland University and foreign partner universities in the fields of business administration, physics, chemistry, materials science and in the interdisciplinary programme 'Cross-border Franco-German Studies'. In the area of teacher training, Saarland University offers an integrated bilingual (French-German) course for prospective teachers of geography and history. A further distinctive feature of Saarland University is the fact that the university is able to award French degrees in subjects such as Droit, Allemand and Lettres modernes. Additional qualifications may also be obtained in numerous postgraduate courses.

Governing bodies

The University is headed by a University Board which includes a President and three vice presidents, responsible for planning and strategy, research and technology transfer, education and administration and finance. There are two commities on research policy and education.

Further, the university has senate and a number of councils dealing with problems ranging from distance learning to women's issues.

Education

Saarland University now provides Bachelor and Master courses of study in addition to the older Diplom. Saarland University is entitled to confer Ph.D. degrees from all 8 faculties. The University also confers honorary titles.

The university is responsible for conducting Computer Science related courses for students enrolled in the graduate programmes of the MPI for Computer Science and MPI for Software Systems.

Saarland University is one of the few universities in Germany where the entire master's programme in computer science is taught in English.

University of Seville

Universidad de Sevilla
Established	1505
Type	Public
Students	73,350
Location	Seville, Andalucia, Spain
Website	Official Website

The Universidad de Sevilla or University of Seville, in English, is a top-ranked European university in Seville, Spain. Founded under the name of Colegio Santa María de Jesús in 1505, the University of Seville, with a student body of over 50,000, is one of the top-ranked universities in the country. It is located in the 2,000-year old artistic, cultural, and financial capital of southern Spain situated on the plain of the River Guadalquivir. The building itself dates back to the 15th century when the Catholic Kings recovered the area from the Moors, a history reflected in its architecture. It is located centrally in the city next to the prestigious Hotel Alfonso XIII which hosts Europe's royalty and international celebrities.

History

The University of Seville is steeped in history and is one of the most important cultural centers in Spain, dating back to the 15th century when the Catholic Kings recovered the area from the Moors. It was originally the Colegio de Santa Mari­a de Jesus which had been created by Arcediano Maese Rodrigo Fernandez de Santaella and was confirmed as a practising university in 1555 by the papal bull of Pope Julius II. Today, the University of Seville is well known for its vital research in Technology and Science which not only aids the development of science as a whole but, more importantly, enriches and develops not only the culture of Seville but all of Andalusia..

In the middle of the thirteenth century the Dominicans, in order to prepare missionaries for work among the Moors and Jews, organized schools for the teaching of Arabic, Hebrew, and Greek. To co-operate in this work and to enhance the prestige of Seville, Alfonso the Wise in 1254 established in that city "general schools" (escuelas generales) of Arabic and Latin. Alexander IV, by Bull of 21 June 1260, recognized this foundation as a generale litterarum studium and granted its members certain dispensations in the matter of residence. Later, the cathedral chapter established ecclesiastical studies in the College of San Miguel. Rodrigo de Santaello, archdeacon of the cathedral and commonly known as Maese Rodrigo, began the construction of a building for a university in 1472; in 1502 the Catholic Majesties published the royal decree creating the university, and in 1505 Julius II granted the Bull of authorization; in 1509 the college of Maese Rodrigo was finally installed in its own building, under the name of Santa María de Jesús, but its courses were not opened until 1516. The Catholic Majesties and the pope granted the power to confer degrees in logic, philosophy, theology, and canon and civil law. It should be noted that the colegio mayor de Maese Rodrigo and the university proper, although housed in the same building, never lost their several identities, as is shown by the fact that, in the eighteenth century, the university was moved to the College of San Hermanegildo, while that of Maese Rodrigo remained independent, although languishing.

Influence

The influence of the University of Seville, from the ecclesiastical point of view, though not equal to that of the Universities of Salamanca and of Alcalá, was nevertheless considerable. From its lecture halls came Sebastián Antonio de Cortés, Riquelme, Rioja, Luis Germán y Ribón, founder of the Horatian Academy, Juan Sánchez, professor of mathematics at San Telmo, Martín Alberto Carbajal, Cardinal Belluga, Cardinal Francisco Solis Folch, Marcelo Doye y Pelarte, Bernardo de Torrijos, Francisco Aguilar Ribon, the Abate Marchena, Alberto Lista, and many others who shone in the magistracy, or were distinguished ecclesiastics. The influence of the University of Seville on the development of the fine arts, was very great. In its shadow the school of the famous master Juan de Mal Lara was founded, and intellects like those of Herrera, Arguijo, and many others were developed, while there were formed literary and artistic clubs, like that of Pacheco, which was a school for both painting and poetry. During the period of secularization and sequestration (1845–57) the University of Seville passed into the control of the State and received a new organization. At present it comprises the faculties of philosophy and letters, law, sciences, and medicine, with an enrolment (1910) of 1100 students.

At the same time that the royal university was established, there was developed the Universidad de Mareantes (university of sea-farers), in which body the Catholic Majesties, by a royal decree of 1503, established the Casa de Contratación with classes of pilots and of seamen, and courses in cosmography, mathematics, military tactics, and artillery. This establishment was of incalculable importance, for it was there that the expeditions to the Indies were organized, and there that the great Spanish sailors were educated. This species of polytechnic school, which, according to Eden, Bourné, and Humboldt, taught a great deal to Europe, following the fortunes of Spanish science, fell into decay in the seventeenth century. .

Equality, Liberty, Justice and Pluralism

The university takes pride in its self-government and independence but, above all, in its ability to provide a service at such a high standard due to the calibre of the professors and lecturers that teach there. This motivation is reflected in their ancient motto with the four qualities that the university lives by:`Equality, Liberty, Justice and Pluralism´. This motto applies to both teaching and learning but above all, the progress made in science, technology and culture.

At present, the university's main aim is to continue with the innovations developed in the scientific and technological fields as they look towards the future with a new and exciting perspective. This is reflected by the number of degrees offered; students attending the university have the choice of 65 different subjects and one of the widest ranges of academic and sporting facilities in Spain, making it a very popular university for both Spanish and international students.

In 2004 it had 73,350 students scattered around different campuses, being the second Spanish presential university by number of students.

Organization

Economy and Business School (Facultad de Economía y Empresariales)

It comprises

• Governed by the Department Council (Consejo de Departamento): The Departments
• Governed by Centre Council (Junta de Centro): consists of
  • Faculties,
  • Technical Sciences Schools (Escuelas Técnicas Superiores), and
  • University Schools (Escuelas Universitarias).

The main building of University of Seville is known as the "Old Tobacco Factory", because of the building's original use. Built in the 18th century, Seville's tobacco factory was the largest industrial building in the world at that time and it remained a tobacco factory until the 1950s. This beautiful building is also the setting for the very well-known opera by Bizet, Carmen. Carmen was a fictional worker in the tobacco factory, the original story being a novella by Prosper Mérimée Prosper Mérimée. This building houses two of the university's faculties: the School of Literature & Philology and the School of Geography & History.

Facade of the building of the Rectorate of the University of Sevilla.

Other Faculties are located throughout Seville, including the Health Science schools in La Macarena, the Business School in Nervion, the Engineering School and School of Communications in La Cartuja and its Languages Institute Instituto de Idiomas and Science Schools in Reina Mercedes.

The City of Sevilla

Seville is more than 2,000 years old. The passage of the various civilizations, instrumental in its growth, has left the city a distinct personality, and a large and well-preserved historical centre. Although with a strong medieval, renaissance and baroque heritage, the city received heavy influences from Arabic culture, which can be seen in the most famous monuments and places in the capital of Andalucia, the cultural and financial centre of southern Spain. A city of just over 700,000 inhabitants (1.6 million in the metropolitan area, making it Spain's 4th largest city), Seville has much to offer the traveller.

The city is situated on the banks of the smooth, slow Guadalquivir River, which divides the city into two halves: Sevilla and Triana. The river head is located much further West, and its basin is very large. The river mouth is in Sanlúcar de Barrameda and crosses the Doñana National Park (one of the most important wetlands in Europe, breeding ground to many species of birds). The Guadalquivir (known as Betis by the Romans and as Betik Wahd-Al-Khabir by the Arabs) has had a major impact in the history of the city. The location of Sevilla is roughly coincident with the point where the Guadalquivir stops being useful for navigation. It is at this point that the cereal producing region of the Guadalquivir Valley starts, and Sevilla has acted as a seaport for commerce of agricultural goods produced further West. Intense trade existed in the area from Roman times, continued under Muslim rule, and exploded as Seville monopolized the new trade with the Americas. As the monopoly was broken Cádiz largely took Seville's place, the city entered a period of relative decline.

Seville has played host to two international exhibitions - the Ibero-American Exhibition in 1929 and the International Exposition in 1992.

Inhabitants of the city are known as Sevillanos .

Université Sherbrooke

 / 45.3794056; -71.9276611

Université de Sherbrooke
Motto	Veritatem in charitate (Truth in charity)
Established	1954
Type	Public
Religious affiliation	Roman Catholic
Rector	Luce Samoisette
Staff	6400 including 3200 instructors
Students	35,000 students
Undergraduates	46 undergraduate programs available
Postgraduates	48 master and 27 doctoral programs available
Location	Sherbrooke and Longueuil, Quebec, Canada
Campus	Urban/Suburban
Sports teams	Sherbrooke Vert-et-Or
Colours	gold & Green
Affiliations	AUCC, CBIE, IAU, CUSID, QSSF,
Website	usherbrooke.ca

The Université de Sherbrooke is a large university with three distinct campuses, two of which are located in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, and another, located in Longueuil, a suburb of Montreal approximately 130 km west of Sherbrooke. It is one of two universities, and the only French language university, in the Estrie region of Quebec. In 2006, the university opened a branch of its medical facility on the campus of UQAC, where its students enroll for non-medical courses.

In 2007, the Université de Sherbrooke was home to 35,000 students and a teaching staff of 3200. In all, it employs 6,400 people. The Université has over 100,000 graduates and offers 46 undergraduate, 48 Master's and 27 doctoral programs. It holds a total of 61 research chairs, among which are the pharmacology, microelectronics and environment research chairs.

Campus

The Université de Sherbrooke has six campuses:

• The Main Sherbrooke Campus
• The Sherbrooke Health Campus
• The Downtown Sherbrooke Campus
• The Longueuil Campus
• The Joint Campus in Saguenay (on the site of the Université du Québec à Chicoutimi)
• The Joint Campus in Moncton (on the site of the Université de Moncton, in Moncton, New Brunswick).

History

The Université de Sherbrooke was born from a desire to establish a French speaking Catholic university in a region that had been predominantly English speaking. Initially there was a religious component to the pedagogical activities, but by the end of the 1960s the number of priests working for the university had greatly diminished. In 1975, the appointment of a layman as Rector marked the end of religious activity in the institution. The Department of Theology, however, is still officially Roman Catholic, alone in Quebec in this regard.

Activities at the Université de Sherbrooke in 2007 are mainly centred on teaching and research.

Rectors

• 2009 – present: Luce Samoisette
• 2001 – 2009: Bruno-Marie Béchard
• 1993 – 2001: Pierre Reid
• 1985 – 1993: Aldée Cabana
• 1981 – 1985: Claude Hamel
• 1975 – 1981: Yves Martin
• 1965 – 1975: Mgr. Roger Maltais
• 1955 – 1965: Mgr. Irénée Pinard
• 1954 – 1955: Mgr. Maurice Vincent

Institutions

The Université de Sherbrooke is composed of the following faculties:

1. Faculty of Administration
2. Faculty of Education
3. Faculty of Engineering
4. Faculty of Law
5. Faculty of Letters and Humanities
6. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
7. Faculty of Sports and Physical Education
8. Faculty of Science
9. Faculty of Theology, Ethics and Philosophy

The Main Sherbrooke Campus includes:

• Administration
• Support services
• Most faculties
• The George-Cabana Pavilion (central pavilion)
• The Multifunctional Pavilion
• The Univestrie Pavilion (sports centre)
• The Cultural Centre and Maurice-O'Bready Theatre
• The Humanities Library
• The Law and Government Publications Library
• The Music Library
• The Science and Engineering Library
• The Documentation Centre
• The Anne-Hébert Centre
• The Pedagogical Resource Centre
• The Jean-Marie Roy Map Library
• Student residences

The Sherbrooke Health Campus includes:

• The Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
• The Institute of Pharmacology of Sherbrooke
• The Sherbrooke University Hospital
• The Centre for Clinical Research
• The Biotechnology Research Centre in Estrie
• The Gérald-La Salle Pavilion
• The Health Sciences Library
• A sports centre
• Student residences

The Longueuil Campus was founded in 1989. Today it offers more than 90 educational programs, primarily at the master’s level, in eight of the nine faculties of the university (Administration; Education; Engineering; Law; Letters and Humanities; Medicine and Health Sciences; Science; Theology, Ethics and Philosophy). Whether at the undergraduate or graduate level, most programs are offered on a part-time basis on evenings and weekends, or in various intensive formats to allow professionals to remain in the work force.

Besides its educational activities, the Longueuil Campus hosts the applied research projects of its faculties along with others conducted in collaboration with Charles LeMoyne Hospital, an affiliated regional and university centre located in the Montérégie region, where it contributes actively to social and community development. Located on Montreal’s South Shore across from the Longueuil-Université-de-Sherbrooke subway station, the Longueuil Campus has a dynamic teaching staff and relevant educational progams that draw several thousand students per year.

The Joint Campus in Saguenay opened its doors in 1996 to medical students.

Also opening in 1996, the Joint Campus in Moncton, New Brunswick, offers medical training to French-speaking students.

Programs

The Université de Sherbrooke is located in the Appalachian Mountains and two rivers meet in the city. The main campus is adjacent to the Mont-Bellevue, Quebec. The university offers a variety of bachelor’s, master’s, doctoral and post-doctoral programs as well as various certificates and microprograms. It is the only university in Quebec and one of the few in the world that offers a Bachelor of Law (LL.B.) combined with a Master of Business Administration (MBA).

The Faculty of Theology, Ethics and Philosophy offers Undergraduate level certificate, diploma, Bachelor's, Master's and Doctor's degrees in Theology/Theological Studies; Doctorate Theology and Religious Vocations; and Undergraduate level certificate/diploma/Graduate level certificate/diploma Pastoral Studies/Counselling.

Students can choose to specialize in the following engineering disciplines: Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Biological Engineering and Mechanical Engineering.

Sports

Sports teams representing the Université de Sherbrooke are called Le Vert & Or (The Green and Gold).

Media

The university publishes a newspaper primarily addressed to people on campus, UdeS. With a circulation of 8500 copies, UdeS is delivered free by internal mail to 2600 members of staff: professors, professionals, managers, administrators and support personnel. It is also sent by mail to some 600 retired staff.

Nearly 3500 copies of UdeS are distributed free in displays located in the faculties and services of the university’s three Sherbrooke campuses. About 1000 copies are sent to the media, government departments and educational institutions in Quebec. The remainder are distributed in a number of locations in Sherbrooke, including bookstores and certain teaching establishments.

Starting September 10th, UdeS is replaced by USherbrooke.ca/nouvelles. The end of the newspaper is explained by the sustainable development policy of the university, the changes in readers habits with the Internet and the diminution in ads revenues.

The university also publishes the magazine UdeS, which has a circulation of 85,000 copies. Published three times a year by the Communications Service, this magazine is distributed free to everyone in the central graduate database and to staff as well as friends of the institution. Copies are also distributed in a number of locations in Sherbrooke.

In addition, the university’s student community puts out a student newspaper, the Collectif, and operates an FM radio station, CFAK-FM.

Canadian Ranking

A wide-ranging survey of Canadian university students revealed that in 2006, for the third time, the Université de Sherbrooke was rated best in Canada.

A study published in November 2006 in the Toronto daily newspaper, The Globe and Mail, showed that the Université de Sherbrooke gets top ranking for its excellent reputation (A+), quality of life on campus (A+), technological resources offered to students (A), career preparation (A-), the quality of education it provides (A-), and student services (A-). The number of students attending the Université de Sherbrooke continues to rise and the university has worked with the City of Sherbrooke to respond to the increase.

The Université de Sherbrooke had also ranked first in The Globe’s November 2005 study, for its reputation (A+), quality of life on campus (A+), technological resources (A), career preparation (A), quality of education (A-), student services (A-), etc.

A wide national survey was also conducted across Canada in by the Global and Mail and Macleans'magazine in order to determine which university has the highest average of satisfaction of the students. According two those two sources, the Université de Sherbrooke shows again the highest average of satisfaction by its student in 2008 .

Beyond this excellent ranking in terms of education and campus life, the Université de Sherbrooke is doing much to improve off-campus life for students. In particular, it offers the university community free transportation at all times on the public transit system, in partnership with the STS (Sherbrooke transportation corporation). Since its introduction in 2004, this measure has gained increasing popularity.

University of Siena

Università degli Studi di Siena
Established	1240
Type	State-supported
Rector	Silvano Focardi
Students	20,000
Location	Siena, Italy
Sports teams	CUS Siena (http://www.unisi.it/servizi/cus/)
Affiliations	Coimbra Group, IRUN
Website	www.unisi.it/

The University of Siena (Italian: Università degli Studi di Siena, abbreviation: UNISI) in Siena, Tuscany is one of the oldest and first publicly funded universities in Italy. Originally called Studium Senese, the University of Siena was founded in 1240. The University has around 20,000 students, nearly half of Siena's total population of around 54,000. Today, the University of Siena is best known for its Schools of Law and Medicine.

History

The early studium

Pietro Ispano (Pope John XXI)

On December 26, 1240, Ildebrandino Cacciaconti, the then podestà of Siena, signed a decree imposing a tax on citizens of Siena who rented rooms to students of the local "Studium Senese". The money from this tax went to pay for the salaries of the maestri (teachers) of this new studium. The studium was further supported when, in 1252, Pope Innocent IV declared both its teachers and students completely immune from taxes and forced labour levied on their person or property by the city of Siena. Moreover, the commune exempted teachers of law and Latin from military service and teachers of Latin were also excused from their duties as night watchmen. By the early 14th century, there were five teachers of Latin, logic and law and two doctors of natural sciences (medicine).

One of the most notable maestri of the School of Medicine was Pietro Ispano (Pope John XXI). Ispano was an illustrious philosopher, personal doctor to Emperor Frederick II, and in 1276 became Pope John XXI.

In 1321, the studium was able to attract a larger number or pupils due to a mass exodus from the prestigious neighbouring University of Bologna when one of its students was sentenced to death by Bologna's magistrates for supposedly kidnapping a young woman. Partly at the instigation of their law lecturer Guglielmo Tolomei, the student body there unleashed a great protest at the Bolognese authority and Siena, supported by generous funding from the local commune, was able to accommodate the students resigning from the Studium Bolongese.

The university under changing states

The studium of Siena was eventually promoted to the status of "Studium Generale" by Charles IV, shortly after his coronation as Holy Roman Emperor in 1355. This both placed the teachers and students under the safeguard of the imperial authority (protecting them from the local magistracy) and also meant that the licences (licentiae docendi) granted by the university were licences ubique docendi. These licences entitled the person receiving them to teach throughout Christendom.

The Casa della Sapienza was built in the early 1400s as a center combining classrooms and housing for those enrolled in the Studium. It had been proposed by bishop Mormille in 1392, was completed twenty years later, and its first occupants took up residence in 1416. Room and board in 1416 cost fifty gold florins for a semester.

By the mid-14th century, Siena had declined as a power in Tuscany, eclipsed by the rise in power of Florence, who successfully defeated the Republic of Siena in 1555. The city authorities, however, successfully asked the Medici (the hereditary dukes of Florence at the time) to preserve the academy. Francesco and later Grand Duke Ferdinando I, reforms were made with new statutes and new preogatives. The post of Rettore (Rector), elected by students and city magistrates, was also instituted.

In 1737, the Medici line became extinct and the rule of Tuscany passed to the French House of Lorraine. In this period, the Tuscan economist Sallustio Bandini, seemingly determined to "improve the intellectual stimulation of his native Siena" solicited scholarships from rich patrons for the university and also set up a large library, which he eventually bequeathed to the university.

In 1808, when the Napoleonic forces occupied Tuscany, they eliminated the Studium Senese and the doors of the University were not opened again until after the defeat of Napoleon and the restoration of Ferdinand III as the Grand Duke of Tuscany.

The university in the Risorgimento

During the Risorgimento, the movement towards the unification of Italy as a single state, Sienese students organised groups which were openly patriotic. They publicly expressed their dissent and, during the April of the 1848 revolts in Tuscany, three professors, one assistant and fifty-five students formed the Compagnia della Guardia Universitaria to participate in the battles of Curtatone and of Montanara. The troop’s flag is still preserved in the Chancellor’s building. All of this passion for the new republic could not but trouble the Grand Duke and in the end he closed down the School of Medicine permitting only Law and Theology to continue

After the Second Italian War of Independence in 1859 and its aftermath, Tuscany and with it Siena were controlled by the Kingdom of Sardinia, which was to become the Kingdom of Italy. The Sienese academy eventually recovered from the unrest, thanks to initiatives by the city’s private enterprises and a series of legislative acknowledgements that boosted the reputation of the School of Pharmacy and that of Obstetrics (and consequently the School of Medicine itself) while the old hospital Santa Maria della Scala was transformed into General University Hospital. Some time later in 1880, the Law Faculty established the Circolo Giuridico or Legal Circle, where issues pertaining to law studies were examined in depth through seminars and lectures

The university in modern Italy

In 1892 the Minister of Public Education, Ferdinando Martini, launched a proposal aimed at suppressing the Sienese academy’s activities. Siena perceived this as a declaration of war and was backed immediately by a general tradesmen’s strike, the intervention of all of the town’s institutions and by a genuine uprising of the population – all of which induced to minister to withdraw the project. Having escaped this danger, the town went back to investing its resources in the university setting up new degrees and new faculties. The bank Monte dei Paschi di Siena financed the construction of the biology department

The 19th century witnessed the constant growth of the University of Siena, with the student population escalating from four hundred between the wars to more than 20 thousand in the last few years

During the start of the academic year, on November 7, 1990 the Sienese academy celebrated its 750th anniversary.

Notable students, alumni and faculty

• Francesco Accarigi (c. 1557-1622), professor of civil law
• Flavio Delbono (born 1959), economist and politician
• Pietro Ispano (c. 1215-1277)

Organization

The University is composed of 9 Schools:

• The School of Economics
• The School of Engineering
• The School of Humanities and Philosophy
• The School of Humanities and Philosophy - Arezzo
• The School of Jurisprudence
• The School of Mathematical Sciences, Physical and Natural
• The School of Medicine and Surgery
• The School of Pharmacy
• The School of Political Science

Siena’s campus is the city. The academy lives as an integral part of the urban fabric in both space and time. Thus there is an uneasy equilibrium between city and university, where 20 thousand students lived among the 50 thousand Sienese. While the Sienese are proud of their native traditions, the more polyglot university prides itself on diversity, with which as the historian Guicciardini would put it, non havvi genio - there is no genius.

Recently, the University has returned historical buildings to the city, which are being made into apartments or used by the contradas. At the same time, it is thanks to the intervention of the University that many buildings which risked falling into ruin were saved, making institutions of study out of a part of the city patrimony that might have otherwise been lost. The Faculties of Engineering and Literature, for example, have found space for their departments in the large rooms of what was once the San Niccolò Psychiatric Hospital. The same holds true for the transformation of the former Convent of Santa Chiara into the first collegiate residence in Italy, reserved for those working towards a European postgraduate degree.

New university buildings have even been built in the city centre such as the one that houses the Faculty of Political Science and Law, whose architectural style blends with the secular surroundings creating a balance between preservation and innovation. The ten university dormitories are adapted to the urban fabric and are located within the historical centre (Fontebranda, Porrione, Sperandie, San Marco), on the outskirts (Acquacalda) and near the extended areas of the university (San Miniato).

University of Surrey

University of Surrey
Established	1966 - gained University Status by Royal Charter 1891 - Battersea Polytechnic Institute
Type	Public
Endowment	£ 78.6 million
Chancellor	HRH The Duke of Kent
Vice-Chancellor	Prof. Christopher M. Snowden
Pro-Chancellors	The Rt Hon Baroness Bottomley of Nettlestone Dr J R Forrest Penelope Keith Sir William Wells[2]
Staff	2,338 incl. 1,403 academics and 150 researchers
Students	15,705
Undergraduates	9,600
Postgraduates	6,105
Location	Guildford, England, UK
Campus	Suburban
Colours	Blue and Gold
Affiliations	1994 Group PATA Universities UK ACU EUA
Website	http://www.surrey.ac.uk

The University of Surrey is a university located within the county town of Guildford, Surrey in the South East of England. It received its charter on 9 September 1966, and was previously situated near Battersea Park in south-west London. The institution was known as Battersea College of Technology before gaining university status. Its roots however go back to the Battersea Polytechnic Institute, founded in 1891 to provide further and higher education for London's poorer inhabitants.

The university is a member of the 1994 Group. The university conducts extensive research on small satellites and has a high number of staff who are members of learned societies. The Research Assessment Exercise 2001 awarded nine departments at the university 5 or 5* ratings. The university has recently expanded into China by launching the Surrey International Institute with Dongbei University of Finance and Economics.

The university's main campus is located on Stag Hill close to the centre of Guildford and adjacent to Guildford Cathedral. A second campus, at Manor Park, is located a short distance away and has been developed to expand upon existing accommodation, academic buildings and sporting facilities.

History

The School of Management Building, with the statue of Alan Turing in the middle distance

Part of the new development of student accommodation at Manor Park

The University of Surrey was preceded by the Battersea Polytechnic Institute which was founded in 1891 and admitted its first students in 1894. Its aims were to provide greater access to further and higher education for some of the "poorer inhabitants" of London. The Institute focused on science and technology subjects, and from about 1920 taught some classes for University of London students.

In 1956 the Institute was among the first to receive the designation "College of Advanced Technology" and was renamed Battersea College of Technology. By the beginning of the sixties the College had virtually outgrown its building in Battersea and had decided to move to Guildford. In addition to this, the Robbins Report of 1963 proposed that the Colleges of Advanced Technology, including Battersea, should expand and become degree-awarding Universities.^[9]

In 1965 the university-designate acquired a greenfield site in Guildford from Guildford Cathedral, Guildford Borough Council and the Onslow Village Trust. The following year, on 9 September 1966 the University of Surrey was established by Royal Charter and by 1970 the move from Battersea to Guildford was complete.

Early visitors to the new campus were Led Zeppelin, who performed their very first gig at the university on 15 October 1968.^[10]

In 1982 the university became the trustee of the building of the Guildford Institute and uses parts of the building for its adult education programme which ensures a university presence in the heart of Guildford. The Assessment and Qualifications Alliance (formerly Associated Examining Board) moved from Aldershot to its own headquarters building on the Stag Hill campus in 1985.

The university marked its Silver Jubilee in 1991, an event celebrated by the publishing of Surrey - The Rise of a Modern University by Roy Douglas and by a Service of Thanksgiving in Guildford Cathedral attended by Her Majesty The Queen in March 1992.

The university celebrated its 35th anniversary year in May 2002 with a major event in Guildford Cathedral. It was also marked by the unveiling of the Surrey Scholar sculpture (by Allan Sly FBS) to mark the Golden Jubilee of Her Majesty The Queen and as a gift to the people of Guildford. The Surrey Scholar is located at the bottom of Guildford High Street. Understanding the Real World, a visual history of the university, by Christopher Pick, was published to coincide with this anniversary.

On 1 July 2005, Prof. Christopher Snowden became Surrey’s fourth Vice-Chancellor and Chief Executive. Like his predecessors Prof. Dowling and Prof. Kelly, Prof. Snowden is a fellow of the Royal Society. He was appointed in recognition of his pioneering work in the fields of microwave engineering and compound semiconductors.

In 2007 the university saw a major increase in overall applications by 39% compared with the previous year. This was followed by a further increase in applications of 12% in 2008.^[12]

In June 2008, Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page was awarded an honorary doctorate by the university for services to the music industry.

In October 2008, the university lost out to Royal Holloway in a bid to merge with London medical institute St George's, University of London.

From September 2009, the Guildford School of Acting will become a subsidiary of the university and relocate from Guildford town centre to the university campus.

Campus

The area around the lake on the main Stag Hill Campus

The university moved in 1968 to a new 30 ha (74-acre) site on Stag Hill in Guildford, Surrey, adjacent to Guildford Cathedral (see picture, below). A further 90 ha (222 acres) allocated to the university remained undeveloped until 2005. The new Manor Park campus, designed as a car-free village, is 1.6 kilometres (1 mi) from the Stag Hill campus and on the other side of the A3 trunk road. It combines residences for students and staff, buildings for research and teaching, and sporting facilities.

The BBC's local radio station for Surrey and North-East Hampshire, BBC Surrey, has its studios on the campus. In addition the university has a student-run medium wave radio station, GU2 Radio (GU2 is the local postcode prefix).

In November 2007, the university was given planning permission to build the Surrey Multifaith Centre at the University of Surrey. This will be the first building in Britain to have a Synagogue, Muslim Prayer Hall, Gurdwara and Chapel built separately under one roof.

In July 2008, the university officially began work on building a £35 million new sports centre named the Surrey Sports Park.

On 8 July 2009, a temporary Amigo convenience store opened in the BB Building on the campus, replacing the previous One Stop store which was situated near the library. The new store is operated by the Compass Group, and will see the University enjoy 'guaranteed rental income and share of turnover'. The project is part of wider work which will see a new building, housing a larger shop and library extension, opening on the One Stop site in April 2011.

In September 2009, the Guildford School of Acting will be moved into a new purpose built facility on the main Stag Hill campus.

University of Tasmania

University of Tasmania
Motto	Ingeniis Patuit Campus ("The Field is Open to Talent")
Established	1890
Type	Public
Chancellor	Damian Bugg
Vice-Chancellor	Prof. Daryl Le Grew
Staff	2,383 (2008) [1]
Undergraduates	16,487 (2008) [1]
Postgraduates	4,215 (2008) [1]
Location	Hobart, Launceston and Burnie, Tasmania, Australia
Campus	Urban
Affiliations	ASAIHL ACU
Website	www.utas.edu.au

The University of Tasmania (UTAS) is a public Australian university based in Tasmania, Australia. Officially founded on 1 January 1890, it was the fourth university to be established in nineteenth-century Australia. The University is a sandstone university and is a member of the international Association of Commonwealth Universities.

The University of Tasmania offers various undergraduate and graduate programs in a range of disciplines. The University has also been consistently ranked in the top 10 universities in Australia for research and boasts links with 20 specialist research institutes, cooperative research centres and faculty based research centres; all of which are regarded as nationally and internationally competitive leaders. The University has a student population of 22,000, including approximately 3,000 international students and 1000 PhD students.

History

Centenary Building, Sandy Bay campus

The University of Tasmania was officially opened on 1 January 1890, being founded by an Act of the Colony of Tasmania's parliament. Richard Deodatus Poulett Harris had long advocated the establishment of the University and became its first warden of the senate. The first degrees to graduates admitted ad eundem gradum and diplomas were awarded in June 1890. Referred to as one of the original sandstone universities, it was the fourth university to be established in Australia, and today maintains a strong reputation as a small to medium-sized university. The first campus location was the Queen's Domain in Hobart, but as enrolment numbers grew and study interests expanded, the new campus at Sandy Bay was developed in the early 1940s.

The university was reorganised in 1991 when it merged with the Tasmanian State Institute of Technology, which became the Newnham Campus. The centre at Burnie was opened in 1995.

Reforms to Higher Education by the Australian Government in 2004 lead most Australian universities to increase their HECS fees. UTAS remained the only Australian university not to do this, until July 2008 when Vice Chancellor Professor Daryl Le Grew announced that the university would increase HECS fees by as much as 25% from 2009. This increase affected all units except education, nursing and mathematics.

The university and TAFE Tasmania are the only remaining institutions of higher education in Tasmania. The Australian Maritime College (AMC) integrated with the university in 2008.

Campuses

The University of Tasmania has three campuses.

• Hobart - the Hobart campus is set on 100 hectares of land in the suburb of Sandy Bay – a short distance from the centre of Hobart. Much of the upper campus is in natural bushland. Closer to the city centre are the Tasmanian Conservatorium of Music, the Clinical School (and more recently the medical sciences building) and the Tasmanian School of Art. About 10,000 students are enrolled at the Hobart campus.

• Launceston - the Launceston campus is set on 50 hectares at Newnham overlooking the Tamar River, ten minutes from the centre of Launceston.Students studying Visual and Performing Arts and Architecture are located at the Inveresk campus. Over 5000 students are enrolled at both campuses.

• Cradle Coast - the Cradle Coast campus is located in the city of Burnie. This campus was established in 1995 as the North-West Study Centre.

Organisation and Administration

The University of Tasmania is organised into six faculties.

Faculty of Arts

• Tasmanian Conservatorium of Music
• Riawunna (a centre for Aboriginal studies)
• School of Asian Languages & Studies
• School of English, Journalism & European Languages
• School of Government
• School of History & Classics
• School of Philosophy
• School of Sociology & Social Work
• School of Visual & Performing Arts
• Tasmanian School of Art

Faculty of Business

• School of Accounting and Corporate Governance
• School of Economics and Finance
• School of Management

Faculty of Education

• School of Education

Faculty of Health Science

• School of Human Life Sciences
• School of Medicine
• School of Nursing & Midwifery
• Tasmanian School of Pharmacy
• Rural Clinical School
• Department of Rural Health

Faculty of Law

• Centre for Legal Studies
• Law School
• Tasmanian Law Reform Institute

Faculty of Science, Engineering & Technology

• School of Agricultural Science
• School of Aquaculture
• School of Architecture
• School of Chemistry
• School of Computing & Information Systems
• School of Earth Sciences
• School of Engineering
• School of Geography and Environmental Studies
• School of Mathematics and Physics
• Institute of Antarctic and Southern Ocean Studies (IASOS)
• School of Plant Science
• School of Psychology
• School of Zoology
• Marine Research Laboratories
• Institute for Regional Development

In addition to the faculties listed above, the University has six theme areas through which multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary collaborations in research and research training, learning and teaching, and community engagement are fostered. The theme areas are: Antarctic and Marine Science; Community, Place and Change; Environment; Frontier Technologies; Population and Health; and Sustainable Primary Production.

The university also has a 334 hectare property located 20 km from the Hobart campus. The University Farm is set in the cropping and grape growing area of Cambridge located in the Coal River valley, serving the teaching and research needs of the School of Agricultural Science.

University Tromsø

University of Tromsø

Established	1968
Type	Public University
Rector	Prof. dr. med. Jarle Aarbakke
Staff	2,500
Students	8,000
Location	Tromsø, Norway
Affiliations	EUA
Website	www.uit.no

The University of Tromsø (Norwegian: Universitetet i Tromsø) is the world's northernmost university. Located in the city of Tromsø, Norway, it was established in 1968, and opened in 1972. It is one of seven universities in Norway. The University of Tromsø is the largest research and educational institution in northern Norway. The University's location makes it a natural venue for the development of studies of the region's natural environment, culture, and society.

The main focus of the University's activities is on the Auroral light research, Space science, Fishery science, Biotechnology, Linguistics, Multi-cultural societies, Saami culture, Telemedicine, social medicine and a wide spectrum of Arctic research projects. The close vicinity of the Norwegian Polar Institute, the Norwegian Institute of Marine Research and the Polar Environmental Centre gives Tromsø added weight and importance as an international centre for Arctic research. Research activities, however, are not limited to Arctic studies. The University researchers work within a broad range of subjects and are recognised both nationally and internationally.

On January 1, 2009 the University of Tromsø was merged with Tromsø University College.

Faculties

The humanities district in Breivika

Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Education

• Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Linguistics
• Department of Culture and Literature
• Department of Language and Linguistics

Faculty of Law

Faculty of Medicine

• Department of Clinical Medicine
• Department of Community Medicine
• Department of Dentistry
• Department of Medical Biology
• Department of Pharmacy

Faculty of Science

• Department of Biology
• Department of Chemistry
• Department of Computer Science
• Department of Geology
• Department of Mathematics
• Department of Physics
• Department of Statistics
• Tromsø Geophysical Observatory
• Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
• Albe

Faculty of Social Sciences

• Department of Archaeology
• Department of Education
• Department of History
• Department of Philosophy
• Department of Planning
• Department of Political Science
• Department of Psychology
• Department of Religious Studies
• Department of Social Anthropology
• Department of Sociology

University Wrocław

University of Wrocław

The main building of the university.

The University of Wrocław (Polish: Uniwersytet Wrocławski; German: Universität Breslau; Latin: Universitas Wratislaviensis) is one of nine universities in Wrocław, Poland. The university was founded in 1702 as Leopoldina, and refounded in 1811 as Schlesische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Breslau. In 1945, after the area passed to Poland, it was re-established primarily from the former University of Lwow. From 1952 to 1989, it was renamed Boleslaw Bierut University.

History

Leopoldina

At the request of the town council King Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary signed the foundation deed on July 20, 1505. Due to numerous wars and fierce opposition from near Cracow Academy, however, the new academic institution wasn't built.

The predecessor facilities, which existed since 1638, were converted into Jesuit school, and finally, upon instigation of the Jesuits and with the support of the Silesian Oberamtsrat (Second Secretary) Johannes Adrian von Plencken, donated as a university in 1702 by Emperor Leopold I as a School of Philosophy and Catholic Theology with the designated name Leopoldina. On 15 November 1702, the university opened. Johannes Adrian von Plencken also became chancellor of the University. As a Catholic institute in Protestant Breslau the new university was a important instrument of the Counter-Reformation in Silesia. After Silesia passed to Prussia the university lost its ideological character but remained a religious institution for the education of Catholic clergy in Prussia.

Schlesische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität

After the defeat of Prussia by Napoleon and the following reorganisation of the Prussian state the academy was merged on 3 August 1811 with the Protestant Viadrina University, previously located in Frankfurt (Oder) and reestablished in Breslau as the Schlesische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Breslau. At first the academy had five faculties: philosophy, medicine, law, Protestant theology, and Catholic theology.

Connected with the university were three theological seminars, a philological and a seminar for German Philology, likewise for Romanic and English philology, a historical, mathematical-physical, legal state and a scientific seminar. Since 1842 the University also had a chair of Slavic Studies. The University had 12 different scientific institutes, 6 clinical centers and 3 collections. Since 1881 an agricultural institute with 10 teachers and 44 students, which comprised a chemical veterinary, a veterinary and a technological institute, belonged to the university. The number of students was (1884) 1,481; the number of tutors, 131.

The library in 1885 consisted of approximately 400,000 works, including about 2,400 incunabula (until 1500), approximately 250 Aldines and 2840 manuscripts. They originated from the library collections of the former universities of Frankfurt and Breslau, repealed monasteries, and also included the oriental collections of Bibliotheca Habichtiana and academic Leseinstitut.

In addition, the university owned a observatory, a botanical garden (5 hectares) with a botanical museum and a zoological garden founded in 1862 by a joint stock company , a natural history museum, zoological, chemical and physical collections, the chemical laboratory, the physiological plant and Mineralogical institute, the anatomical institute, clinical laboratories; a gallery (mostly from churches, monasteries, etc.), full of old German works, the museum of Silesian antiquities and the state archives of Silesia.

At that time, numerous internationally renowned and historically notable scholars lectured at the university, including Johann Dirichlet, Ferdinand Cohn and Gustav Kirchhoff.

The Partitions of Poland resulted in the incorporation of the Grand Duchy of Posen and West Prussia into the Prussian state. In contrast to the other provinces of Prussia, these territories did not possess a university of their own. The Prussian government opted to not found universities there because of concerns to create "bastions of Poledom", but instead have the Lower Silesian Breslau university also serve the Grand Duchy of Posen (Polish majority) and the East Prussian University of Königsberg also serve West Prussia (30% Poles).Polish students constituted around 16% of the student body in 1817 and 10% in 1871. The percentage of Jewish students was around 16% in 1817. This situation reflected the multiethnic and international character of the University. Both minorities, as well as the German students, established their own student organisations, called Burschenschaften. Polish student organisations included Concordia, Polonia and a branch of the Sokol association. Many of the students came from other areas of partitioned Poland. The Jewish students unions were the Viadrina (founded 1886) and the Student Union (1899). Teutonia, a German Burschenschaft founded in 1817, was actually one of the oldest student fraternities in Germany, founded only two years after the Urburschenschaft.

The Polish fraternities were all eventually disbanded by the German professor Felix Dahn,^[2] and in 1913 Prussian authorities established a numerous clausus law that limited the number of Jews from non-German Eastern Europe (so called Ostjuden) that could study in Germany to at most 900; the university itself was allowed to take 100.^[4]

As Germany turned to Nazism, the university became influenced by Nazi ideology. Polish students were beaten by NSDAP members just for speaking Polish In 1939 all Polish students were thrown out of the university and a official university declaration stated "We are deeply convinced that Polish foot will never cross the threshold of this German university". In 1939 German scholars from the university worked on a scholarly thesis of historical justification for "plan of mass deportation in Eastern territories". Among the people involved were Walter Kuhn, a specialist of Ostforschung. Other projects during World War II involved creating evidence to justify German annexation of Polish territories, and presenting Kraków and Lublin as German cities.

Closing and reestablishment as a Polish university

After the Siege of Breslau, the Soviet Red Army took the city in May 1945 and subsequently handed it over to the People's Republic of Poland. The population fled or was expelled. The Polish University of Lwow, complete with library and Ossolineum Institute, which was about to be handed over to the Soviet Ukrainian SSR, was moved to Wroclaw with thousands of staff, employees and their belongings.^[8] Many of the buildings were partially destroyed during the defence of the city. Parts of the collection of the university library was burned by soldiers of the Red Army on 10 May 1945, four days after the German garrison surrendered the city.

The first Polish team of academics arrived in Wrocław in late May 1945 and took custody of the university buildings, seized all property from surviving German professors, and started to rearrange the university buildings, which were 70% destroyed. Very quickly some buildings were repaired, and a cadre of professors was built up, many coming from prewar Polish universities in Wilno and Lwów. The university was refounded under its current name as a Polish state university by a decree issued on August 24, 1945. Its first lecture was given on November 15, 1945 by Ludwik Hirszfeld. From 1952 to 1989 the University of Wrocław was known as Boleslaw Bierut University, after Bolesław Bierut, the former president and prime minister of Poland.

In 2002 the university celebrated the 300th anniversary of its founding.